Culicidae across a temperate altitudinal gradient volume 105 issue 5 l. The biting cycle of armigeres subalbatus is distinctly crepuscular, exhibiting two peaks of activity, a smaller one at dawn and a larger one at dusk. Host innate immunity plays a central role in detecting and eliminating microbial pathogenic infections in both vertebrate and invertebrate animals. Armigeres subalbatus coquillett was the most susceptible species, indicating its status as a potential vector.
Armigeres armigeres subalbatus is a species complex of zoophilic mosquito belonging to the. The dual roles of armigeres subalbatus prophenoloxidase v in. Armigeres obturbans, armigeres aureolineatus, moreh, jiribam, annual 1. Armigeres subalbatus is a nuisance biter and a putative vector of japanese encephalitis and dengue viruses. Culicidae in the transmission of japanese encephalitis virus in the absence of rice culture on liuchiu islet, taiwan weijune chen department of public health and parasitology, college of medicine, chang gung university, kweisan, taoyuan 33332, taiwan. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Distribution and phylogeny of wolbachia strains in wild. Albopictus was found to be the dominant and frequently distributed specie. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Melanization is an effective defence reaction used by mosquito hosts to kill malarial and filarial worm parasites. Armigeres subalbatus is known to be the vector for parasites of many human diseases like malaria, japanese encephalitis, filariasis etc.
Pdf mosquito transcriptome changes and filarial worm. Nevertheless, its population dynamics have been relatively poorly studied. Population dynamics of armigeres subalbatus diptera. Previously, this species has never been considered a medically important mosquito in malaysia as compared to other mosquitoes such as culex, aedes, mansonia and anopheles spp. However, both the species can be distinguished on the basis of new taxonomic characters. The incidence of abnormal spermatozoa in normal and dichlorvostreated armigeres subalbatus was examined morphologically by electron microscopy. In this present report, we provide biological evidence to confirm. Entomopathogenic or insect pathogenic nematodes are of particular importance for the control of insect pests and vectors of pathogens, while insectborne nematodes cause serious diseases in humans. In order to mine the transcriptome for new insight into the cascade of events that takes place in response to infection in this mosquito, 6 cdna libraries were generated from tissues of adult female. Jan 01, 2000 potential role of armigeres subalbatus diptera. Bhk21 cells infected with yn12031 exhibited an evident cytopathic effect cpe 32 h postinfection.
Most recently, it was shown that melanization andor phagocytosis is elicited by a variety of bacterial species, independent of the gram type 30. Population dynamics of mosquitoes in various breeding. Anopheles sinensis, armigeres subalbatus, china, mosquito, plasmodium relictum. Jul 30, 20 in 2011, we reported occurrence of natural human infections with brugia pahangi, a filarial worm of dogs and cats, in a surburb of kuala lumpur, the capital city of malaysia. Description of the transcriptomes of immune responseactivated hemocytes from the mosquito vectors aedes aegypti and armigeres subalbatus. Figure 4 showed an upward trend throughout the sampling period of armigeres subalbatus and highest percentages during the months of june and july. Mosquito transcriptome profiles and filarial worm susceptibility in. Study on vector mosquito of zoonotic brugia malayi in musi. Osa knocking down freeflight adult mosquitoes via dynamic.
Armigeres subalbatus mosquitoes rapidly destroy invading b. Ijmrk2 armigeres species of manipur, the easternmost. Japanese encephalitis virus isolation from fieldcaught mosquitoes. Aedes albopictus, culex quinquefasciatus, armigeres subalbatus and mansonia uniformis. Identification and functional analysis of the peptidoglycan recognition protein ld gene in the mosquito, armigeres subalbatus. Our preliminary entomological survey at that time suggested the. Immunocytochemical localization showed that prophenoloxidase propo was distributed in the wound site. This project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases, national institutes of health, department of health and human services, under contract no. Christensen1 university of wisconsinmadison, department of animal health and biomedical sciences. This page was last edited on 15 january 2020, at 18. A rickettsia nestedpcr targeting the variable domain of glta showed rickettsia felis in four mosquito species of 16 provinces cx. Rhythms in the biting behaviour of a mosquito armigeres subalbatus. Detection and shooting process of dynamincally tracking an armigeres subalbatus. In the present study, we delineate the dual functions of aspropo v.
The biting cycle of armigeres subalbatus is distinctly crepuscular, exhibiting two peaks of activity, a smaller one at dawn. Citeseerx development of a comparative genetic linkage. Wolbachia are a group of maternally inherited intracellular bacteria known to be widespread among arthropods. The mosquitos used in this study had been maintained in the laboratory for 160 generations after being collected in kanagawa prefecture. Rapid identification of medically important mosquitoes by matrix. Summary a twelve month indoor resting mosquito survey was carried out in five residential areas in kandy during 198586. Melanization in response to wounding is ancestral in. Establishment and characterization of two new cell lines. It is found in sri lanka, india, bangladesh, myanmar, pakistan, nepal, japan, china, korea, taiwan, ryukyuretto, indochina, thailand, and guam. Evaluation of larvicidal activity of medicinal plant. Aedes albopictus in contrast showed a downward trend from january to march but after march it showed an upward trend. Seven species of mosquitoes oviposited in open and bored bamboo traps at a site in peradeniya, sri lanka, the most prevalent being aedes albopictus, aedes novalbopictus and armigeres subalbatus. From july 1997 to june 1998, a total of 123 pools of fieldcaught ar. Identification of a newly isolated getah virus in the.
The hemocyte libraries were not normalized, so this yield is not surprising. The virus particles were spherical, 70 nm in diameter, and enveloped. Pdf departments of parasitology and zoology, university of. Armigeres subalbatus incriminated as a vector of zoonotic brugia pahangi filariasis in suburban kuala lumpur, peninsular malaysia. Infections with wolbachia cause declines of host populations, and also induce host resistance to a wide range of pathogens. Dec 01, 2008 armigeres subalbatus and several species of anopheles have shown strong melanization responses against invading nematodes hu 1941, christensen 1986, bangs et al. Survey of various potential mosquito breeding habitats. Armigeres subalbatus is a natural vector of the filarial worm brugia pahangi, but it kills b. Methods and results from june to september 2018, mosquito habitat. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an established armigeres mosquito cell line. An armigeres subalbatus cdna encoding ddc was cloned and real.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. At present, 856 million people in 52 countries are living in areas that require preventive chemotherapy to stop the spread of this infection 1. In order to mine the transcriptome for new insight into the cascade of events that takes place in response to infection in this mosquito, 6 cdna libraries were generated from tissues of adult female mosquitoes. The biting cycle is entrained to natural lightdark cycles and the time interval from dawn to dawn or dusk to dusk peaks is exactly 24 h and from dawn to dusk or dusk to dawn is about 12 h measured at 50% level. Page 9, the present susceptibility status of armigeres subalbatus to hydrochlorin and different argano phosphorus insecticides. Mar 01, 2002 hemolymph coagulation began almost immediately after wounding in mosquito, armigeres subalbatus, coquillett larvae.
A novel lectin with a fibrinogenlike domain and its potential involvement in the innate immune response of armigeres subalbatus against bacteria. Show full abstract rate of cannibalism of 1st to 4th instar larvae of armigeres subalbatus were reported at 24 h intervals with and without alternative food supplement. I have just modified one external link on armigeres subalbatus. Density fluctuation patterns o f cx quinquefasciatus and ae aegypti, were different among the five sites, probably due to local factors.
A revision of the illustrated taxonomic keys to genera and species of mosquito larvae of korea diptera, culicidae by lee, kwan woo 1999 5th medical detachment, 168th medical battalion 18th medical command, u. Armigeres subalbatus is a natural vector of the filarial worm brugia pahangi, but it kills brugia malayi microfilariae by melanotic encapsulation. The ascertaining of the two species with the molecular work will the future perspective and exploration more species of the genus will have enriched the diversity of the state and india as whole. Dec 20, 2001 effect of prophenoloxidase expression knockout on the melanization of microfilariae in the mosquito armigeres subalbatus. Pdf departments of parasitology and zoology, university.
These three species preferred to lay in open than in bored traps. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Armigeres subalbatus incriminated as a vector of zoonotic. The mosquito, armigeres subalbatus, mounts a distinctively robust innate immune response when infected with the nematode brugia malayi, a causative agent of lymphatic filariasis. Another possible factor is the presence of cibarial armature buccopharyngeal spicules or teeth lo cated at the posterior margin of the cibarium preoral food cavity. It is found in sri lanka, 1 india, bangladesh, myanmar, pakistan, nepal, japan, china, korea, taiwan, ryukyuretto, indochina, thailand, and guam. We successfully established two cell lines from the neonate larvae of a. Citeseerx mosquito transcriptome profiles and filarial. Identification of a newly isolated getah virus in the china. In this study, we isolated a virus strain yn12031 from specimens of armigeres subalbatus collected in the chinalaos border. Establishment and characterization of two new cell lines from the mosquito armigeres subalbatus coquillett diptera.
Isolation and fulllength sequence analysis of armigeres. Evaluation of larvicidal activity of medicinal plant extracts against three mosquito vectors a bagavan, a abdul rahuman unit of nanotechnology and bioactive natural products, post graduate and research department of zoology, c. To evaluate the mosquito larvicidal activity of plant extracts. Mosquito oviposition in bamboo traps, with special reference. Investigation of mosquito larval habitats and insecticide. Previously, we identified five pos, designated aspropo iv, from the mosquito armigeres subalbatus and demonstrated that the functions of aspropo i, ii and iii, were associated with filarial parasite melanization, blood feeding and cuticle formation, respectively. In an attempt to characterize all the pgrps in the mosquito armigeres subalbatus, two pgrp. A total of 11,952 aedes aegypti and 12,790 armigeres subalbatus sequences yielded 2,686 and 2,107 est clusters, respectively. Background the mosquito, armigeres subalbatus, mounts a distinctively robust innate immune response when infected with the nematode brugia malayi, a causative agent of lymphatic filariasis. Over the past few decades, researchers were curious to use wolbachia as a biological tool to control mosquito vectors. Description of the transcriptomes of immune response. Armigeres armigeres subalbatus is a species complex of zoophilic mosquito belonging to the genus armigeres. The cell lines, designated as ar3 and ar, consist of. Read molecular cloning, characterization and tissue expression of prophenoloxidase cdna from the mosquito armigeres subalbatus inoculated with dirofilaria immitis microfilariae, insect molecular biology on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Hemocytemediated phagocytosis and melanization in the mosquito armigeres subalbatus following immune challenge by bacteria. Armigeres subalbatus was strongly associated with latrines with damaged or improperly sealed septic tank covers or 5. Functions of armigeres subalbatus ctype lectins in innate. Susceptibility of various mosquitoes of thailand to nocturnal. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple faq for additional information. In this present report, we provide biological evidence to confirm our. The predatory nature of armigeres subalbatus larvae was examined to determine the possible use of this mosquito species in controlling cooccurring vector mosquitoes. Larval habitats of armigeres subalbatus were delineated in urban and rural areas of pondi cherry. Armigeres subalbatus coquillett is a medically important mosquito and a model species for immunology research. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf mosquito transcriptome changes and filarial worm resistance in armigeres subalbatus article pdf available in bmc genomics 81. Pdf the predatory nature of armigeres subalbatus larvae was examined to determine the possible use of this.
In this study, predatory feeding patterns and cannibalism of larvae of armigeres subalbatus mosquitoes were quantified under laboratory conditions using aedes albopictus and culex uniformis larvae as prey organisms. Armigeres subalbatus larvae are voracious predators of other mosquito larvae. First molecular detection of plasmodium relictum in. Effect of dichlorvos on spermatogenesis of armigeres. In the initial wounding, coagulation and wound plug formation occurred with granulocyte migration. Development of a comparative genetic linkage map for armigeres subalbatus using aedes aegypti rflp markers michael t. Late instar larvae of armigeres subalbatus are cannibalistic. Predation and cannibalism can affect the coexistence of mosquito species or the assemblage of mosquito species i. Predatorprey interactions and the cannibalism of larvae of. Recently, two or more forms of propo cdnas have been isolated from mosquitoes, six forms are present in anopheles gambiae giles, one in anopheles stephensi liston, and two in aedes aegypti l. Armigeres subalbatus ctype lectins asctls transcripts were expressed mainly in hemocytes andor fat body recombinant asctls bound to several microbial components, such as lps, peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid asctls directly bound to several gramnegative and grampositive bacteria and agglutinated bacterial cells injection of dsrnas to asctls into female mosquitoes effectively. We studied its2 molecular characterization of two allopatric populations of this species.
During an investigation of arboviruses in china, a novel dsrna virus was isolated from adult female armigeres subalbatus. Armigeres subalbatus incriminated as a vector of zoonotic brugia. Background to investigate mosquito larval habitats and resistance to common insecticides in areas with high incidence rates of mosquitoborne diseases in jining, shandong province, and to provide a scientific basis for the future prevention and control of mosquitoborne diseases and the rational use of insecticides. One of the causative agents of lympahtic filariasis is the nematode parasite brugia malayi that requires a competent mosquito vector for its development and transmission. Armigeres subalbatus colonization of damaged pit latrines. Transmission electron microscopy identified icosahedral, nonenveloped virus particles with a mean. The use of gene silencing to study the role of dopa. Mosquito transcriptome changes and filarial worm resistance. Our preliminary entomological survey at that time suggested the mosquito species armigeres subalbatus as the vector of the zoonotic infections. Laser beam points out the freeflight path of the insect in an increment of 41 ms. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Armigeres subalbatus, brugia malayi, lymphatic filariasis, musi rawas, south sumatera. Larva carnivorous and can be found from pools with foul water or water with a.
Here, we present results from a season long study where we studied spatiotemporal abundance patterns of ar. Evaluation of larvicidal activity of medicinal plant extracts. Phylogenetic analysis of the wsp sequences showed two major branches confirming identities obtained from the pcr screening with strainspecific primers. This page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 02. Construction and characterization of an expressed sequenced. Development of a comparative genetic linkage map for. Armigeres subalbatus is a natural vector of the filarial worm brugia pahangi, but it rapidly and proficiently kills brugia malayi microfilariae by melanotic encapsulation. Pdf armigeres subalbatus incriminated as a vector of zoonotic. A double subgenomic sindbis virus was used to silence ddc and assess its role in melanization of mf.
Ijmrk2 cibarium of armigeres kuchingensis edwards with the. Effect of prophenoloxidase expression knockout on the. Abdul hakeem college, melvisharam 632 509, vellore district, tamil nadu, india contents lists available at. It is very difficult to distinguish both the species except sternites vvi being pale scaled in armigeres armigeres kuchingensis edwards. Of the clusters, 66% of those from aedes aegypti and 62% of those from armigeres subalbatus are composed of a single sequence singletons. Armigeres subalbatus is widely distributed in malaysia. Pdf armigeres subalbatus incriminated as a vector of. Armigeres subalbatus, vector, zoonotic, brugia pahangi, filariasis. Empirically, the visiblenearinfrared absorption spectra of three mosquito species, namely, culex piplens molestus, aedes albopictus, and armigeres subalbatus, were acquired to examine the disparity in photoabsorption property among different mosquito species and help determine an optimal wavelength for injuring the insects. Full genome sequence analysis showed the virus to be related to members of the family totiviridae, and was therefore named armigeres subalbatus totivirus astv. Bulletin of the zoological survey, volume 4, issue 1.
A double subgenomic sindbis virus was used to silence ddc and. Construction and characterization of an expressed sequenced tag library for the mosquito vector armigeres subalbatus george f mayhew1, lyric c bartholomay2, hangyen kou3, thomas a rocheleau 1, jeremy f fuchs1, matthew t aliota, iyu tsao3, chiungyen huang3, tzetze liu4, kwangjen hsiao5, shihfeng tsai4,6. Jan 01, 2000 armigeres subalbatus coquillett was the most susceptible species, indicating its status as a potential vector. Molecular cloning, characterization and tissue expression of.
Effect of prophenoloxidase expression knockout on the melanization of microfilariae in the mosquito armigeres subalbatus. Immunolocalization of prophenoloxidase in the process of. Wolbachia infections were found only among four mosquito species in sri lanka. Help pages, faqs, uniprotkb manual, documents, news archive and biocuration projects. A total of 11,761 adults, comprising 19 species belonging to 6 genera were identified. Molecular detection of rickettsia felis and rickettsia. For example, in armigeres subalbatus po i is involved in melanization of microfilariae and po ii in hardening of egg chorion 7. In 2011, we reported occurrence of natural human infections with brugia pahangi, a filarial worm of dogs and cats, in a surburb of kuala lumpur, the capital city of malaysia. Culex pipiens pallens n 1620, aedes albopictus 806, armigeres subalbatus 377, anopheles sinensis 168, and culex tritaeniorhynchus 80. The mosquito armigeres subalbatus coquillet is a common vector of filariasis. Rhythms in the biting behaviour of a mosquito armigeres. Culex quinquefasciatus 83 %, aedes aegypti 10 %, armigeres subalbatus 3 % and culex pseudovishnui 2 % were the main species.
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